Q1
If this is the part:
http://www.chsinteractive.co.uk/electrical-components/large-home-appliances/fridge-freezer/bosch-2/thermostats-2/thermostat-fridge-freezer-bosch-00661623-kgn34vw20g.htm
It looks like it is some kind of bimetal actuator; nothing electronic.
Looking at the description on
http://www.bosch-home.co.uk/store/product/Regulatortemperature/00661623
Close examination and thinnking along the lines of basic mechanical principles may give some inspiration as to how it works.
Q3
You could always do what you could have done from the start and do a Google search for - say "KGN33V00GB auto defrost fault"
You'd have found these among the first five results:
http://www.reviewcentre.com/reviews184597.html
http://www.ukwhitegoods.co.uk/forumsphpbb3/bosch-kgn33v00gb-fridge-freezer-cold-freezer-warm-fridge-t34042.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z-h541_14ZE
Anon
December 2015