I assume you did check the flywheel for missing teeth BEFORE fitting the starter ?
1 drop the motor off check the flywheel teeth if OK
2 take the motor back for a replacement exchange unit
A quick check when the motor just whines drop the car into high gear and push the car forward a foot,now try the motor if it now spins the engine its pointing to missing teeth on the flywheel
wirecutterman
May 2011