Somewhere in the property will be a Consumer Unit (fuse board)
It will have Miniature Circuit Breakers (MCBs) for each individual circuit - Upstairs Lights - Downstairs Lights - Upstairs Power - Downstairs Power and sometimes Kitchen Power.
Most consumer units have one or more Earth Leakage Circuit Breakers (ELCB) - a Safety cut out switch that delivers power to all or some MCBs
An MCB trip indicates a high current fault on that circuit
An ELCB trip indicates an unsafe condition - usually in a piece of equipment.
Some ELCBs have more functionality and a different name - the trip switch handle on all of them is bigger than the smaller MCBs.
In older properties fusing is organised with plug in fuse holders on a fuse board - you have to replace a small length of wire.
Fuses and breakers guard against over current, heated cables and fire and the house burning down.
ELCBs guard against Electric Shock
Peccavi
September 2010