The school will have had a Local Area Network (LAN) with all computers in the school "talking" to the network.
One of the machines on the school's network will have been a gateway to the outside world.
An Intranet is a private environment that appears to be like the internet. Your donated machine no longer enjoys the connection to the school intranet and in consequence can't communicate with the gateway to the outside - the internet.
You need to arrange to have a contract with an Internet Service Provider (ISP) to give you internet access and the necessary hardware to make the connection to it.
Peccavi
October 2009